The Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) is a disaggregated data collection, analysis, and crisis mapping project. ACLED records the dates, actors, types of violence, locations, and fatalities of all reported political violence and protest events across Africa, South Asia, Southeast Asia, the Middle East, Central Asia and the Caucasus, and Southeastern and Eastern Europe and the Balkans. Political violence and protest activity includes events that occur within civil wars and periods of instability, public demonstrations, and regime breakdown. ACLED’s aim is to capture the forms, actors, dates, and locations of political violence and protest as it occurs across states. The ACLED team conducts analysis to describe, explore, and test conflict scenarios, and makes both data and analysis free and open to use by the public.

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Results from time-series analysis of Landsat images in characterizing global forest extent and change from 2000 through 2018. For additional information about these results, please see the associated journal article (Hansen et al., Science 2013).

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Results from time-series analysis of Landsat images in characterizing global forest extent and change from 2000 through 2018. For additional information about these results, please see the associated journal article (Hansen et al., Science 2013). Year of gross forest cover loss event: Forest loss during the period 2000–2018, defined as a stand-replacement disturbance, or a change from a forest to non-forest state. Encoded as either 0 (no loss) or else a value in the range 1–17, representing loss detected primarily in the year 2001–2018, respectively.

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The dataset contains warnings about low or delayed vegetation performance at sub-national level for crops . The warning classification scheme is applied globally and is based on rainfall estimates (RFE) and NDVI anomalies. The results are a reliable warning of hydrological stress for agricultural production and the warning level ranges from 1 to 4. The historical frequency of ASAP warnings reports the percentage of dekads with a warning for crop out of the total number of active dekads in the period 2004-2019.

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Key Landscape for Conservation (KLC) were proposed in the European Commission publication “Larger than Elephants” (EC, 2015). The polygons shown in the report did not always emcompass the target protected areas and their limits were difficult to use in quantitative spatial analyses.

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Natural Areas is calculated using Copernicus Global 100m Land Cover map 2015.

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The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA) is the most comprehensive global spatial data set on marine and terrestrial protected areas available. Protected area data are provided via Protected Planet, the online interface for the WDPA. The WDPA is a joint initiative of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and the UN Environment Programme's World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC) to compile spatially referenced information about protected areas. The data are provided as shapefiles and updated monthly.

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Main non-food, non-energy raw material commodities exported by each country in 2017. The European Commission's (EC) Raw Materials Information System (RMIS) is developed by the Directorate-General (DG) Joint Research Centre (JRC) in cooperation with the DG for Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs (GROWTH). The RMIS is the Commission’s reference web-based knowledge platform on non-fuel, non-agricultural raw materials from primary and secondary sources. This section provides an overview of the European raw materials context, the policy mandate that underlies the development of the RMIS, its goal and scope.

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Residential population estimates for target year 2015 provided by CIESIN GPWv4.10 were disaggregated from census or administrative units to grid cells, informed by the distribution and density of built-up as mapped in the Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL) global layer.

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WWF’s Global 200 project analyzed global patterns of biodiversity to identify a set of the Earth's terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecoregions that harbor exceptional biodiversity and are representative of its ecosystems. This process yielded 238 ecoregions--the Global 200--comprised of 142 terrestrial, 53 freshwater, and 43 marine priority ecoregions.

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Africapolis data is based on a large inventory of housing and population censuses, electoral registers and other official population sources, in some cases dating back to the beginning of the 20th century. The regularity, the detail and the reliability of these sources vary from country to country, and from period to period. Satellite and aerial images are used to inform on the physical evidence on the ground, that is the built-up area and the precise location of settlements. Other official cartographic resources, such as administrative boundaries, are used to link population data to the observed information on the built-up areas. The teams working on Africapolis, at e-Geopolis and at the OECD Sahel and West Africa Club, have for years worked on building the Africapolis database, learning during the process, adding new sources and improving on the tools and methodology used to make the data as precise as possible. However, the single most important element is official population records, the census data. In certain cases the last available records date back 30 or more years and often more than ten. Given the pace of demographic and urban dynamics these are significant periods. Africapolis, like e-Geopolis globally, has been designed to provide a much needed standardised and geospatial database on urbanisation dynamics in Africa, with the aim of making urban data in Africa comparable across countries and across time. This version of Africapolis is the first time that the data for the 50 countries currently covered are available for the same base year – 2015. In addition, Africapolis closes one major data gap by integrating 7 225 small towns and intermediary cities between 10 000 and 300 000 inhabitants (6 737 urban agglomerations between 10 000 and 100 000 inhabitants for a total of 180 million people). Africapolis will remain an on-going endeavour, providing data and evidence to support cities and governments to make urban areas more inclusive, productive and sustainable. We will keep looking for new ways, new tools and new data to improve Africapolis and its relevance for the African continent and invite you to contribute.

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Trophic State refers to the degree at which organic matter accumulates in the water body and is most commonly used in relation to monitoring eutrophication (process of excessive growth of algae resulting in oxygen depletion, it is commonly caused by human activities, it can be occasional or frequent). The data show the total percentage deviation, from a baseline for trophic state. A five year baseline (2006- 2010), per lake, has been produced for both parameters. This is used to measure change against recent years (2017-2019). The data represent the number of lakes impacted by a degradation of their environmental conditions (i.e. showing a deviation in turbidity and trophic state from the baseline) compared to the total number of lakes within a country. The values produced account for different sized lakes.

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The data show the total change in extent of permanent and seasonal surface water area, measured against a historical reference period. Change is either gain or loss. Total change in extent of surface water area is calculated by comparing the most recent five years of data against a five year reference period (2000-2004). Permanent water is defined as being present all 12 months per year. Seasonal water is defined as being present less than 12 months per year.

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